Chemical Dictionary Online

137 Substances
Water-Reactive
Corrosive

POTENTIAL HAZARDS

HEALTH

• TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death.
• Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
• Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air.
• Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
• Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

FIRE OR EXPLOSION

• Some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily.
• May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.).
• Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases.
• Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.)
• Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.
• Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.
• Substance may be transported in a molten form.

 

PUBLIC SAFETY

• CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
• Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 50 to 100 meters (160 to 330 feet) in all directions.
• Keep unauthorized personnel away.
• Stay upwind.
• Keep out of low areas.
• Ventilate enclosed areas.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

• Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
• Wear chemical protective clothing which is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
• Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations.

EVACUATION

Spill

• See the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances for highlighted substances. For non-highlighted substances, increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown under "PUBLIC SAFETY".

Fire

• If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

 

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

FIRE

• When material is not involved in fire: do not use water on material itself.

  Small Fires

  • Dry chemical or CO2.
  • Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
    
    

  Large Fires

  • Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply: knock down vapors only.
    
    

  Fire involving Tanks or Car/Trailer Loads

  • Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
  • Do not get water inside containers.
  • Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
  • ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

SPILL OR LEAK

Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.

Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.

Small Spills

Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand, or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.

Use clean non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosley covered plastic containers for later disposal.

Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

FIRST AID

• Move victim to fresh air.
• Call 911 or emergency medical service.
• Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
• Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
• Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
• Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
• In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
• For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
• Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance.
• Keep victim warm and quiet.
• Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
• Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves.

(c) 2022 chemical-dictionary.xiaoyifei.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved